晋中
晋中 (晋中; Jìnzhōng) is a prefecture-level city in Shanxi Province in China. (Shanxi is abbreviated as "Jin"). It is a national-level cultural and ecological protection experimental area, which has formed a number of provincial tourism masterpieces, such as the World Cultural Heritage Pingyao ancient city, the Shanxi merchants folk culture tourism area, and so on, and is the cradle of Shanxi merchants' culture. Jinzhong is one of the birthplaces of Jin culture (Shanxi culture). In 1824, the first financial institution "Rishengchang" in Chinese history was born here.
了解
[]Jinzhong is in the east-central part of Shanxi Province, about 32 km southeast of Taiyuan, the provincial capital. It borders Grand Taihang Canyon in the east, Fen River in the west, intersects with Changzhi City and Linfen City in the south, connects with Yangquan City in the northeast, and borders Luliang City in the southwest. Jinzhong City has jurisdiction over 2 municipal districts, 8 counties and 1 county-level city, with a total area of 16,400 square kilometers.
文化
[]The commercial activities of Jin merchants created the commercial culture of Jinzhong. From business philosophy, value orientation, and professional ethics to business mode, organization and management means, and even bookkeeping, abacus, secret and other technical methods, a whole set of ethical culture and institutional culture has been formed. This is the most essential meaning of Jin Shang culture. In addition, due to the mainstream status of Jin merchants in all walks of life, the existence and development of Jin merchants led to a series of cultural phenomena.
Since the ancient city of Pingyao was recognized as a World Cultural Heritage by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization in 1997, the international influence of Pingyao International Photography Exhibition has continued. From the movie "Raise the Red Lantern" to the popular TV drama "Qiao's Yard" and the drama "Start of Autumn" sensation, they have carried the rich connotation of Jin Shang culture of the "four cities" (Taigu City, Pingyao Ancient city, Qixian historical and cultural city and Yuci Old City), "six courts" (Yuci Changjia manor, Qixian Qiaojia courtyard, Qujia courtyard, Lingshi Wang courtyard, Taigu Caojia courtyard, Taigu Kong Xiangxi House).
节日
[]Jinzhong is also home to folk and non-material culture: the Cold Food Festival originated in Jiexiu and spread throughout the country; the legend of "The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl" originated in Heshun; and the legend of Shouyang County is the hometown of the birthday boy, the Zuoquan Xiaohua opera, Qitai Yangge, Yushe Bawangbian and other folk traditions nourish people living and working on this land.
The two days before the Qingming Festival on the lunar calendar were called Cold Food Festival. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Jie Zitui, a leading official of the State of Jin, was burned to death in Mianshang (now Jiexiu). Duke Wen of the State of Jin was deeply grieved and ordered the whole country not to cook with fire on this day, and to use dry food or cold food to satisfy hunger. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, it gradually became a local custom and spread outward. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, there were many literati and bachelors who used the Cold Food Festival to eulogize Jie Zitui's "do not speak of Lu". At the same time, because the two days before the Qingming Festival coincide with the "150" (105 days after the Winter solstice), while common folk also regarded the Cold Food Festival as a ghost festival for ghost marriage, dry funeral, or temporary house burial. Yao He, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, once wrote in Cold Food: "At present one hundred and fifty, the rain begins to clear up." During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people would maintain the custom of eating cold food, to remember Jie Zitui. On this day, people can start work and earth at will. When they tear down houses or build bridges and roads, they must dig the land and shovel the walls on this day in advance to show that the project has begun. When the work is officially started in the future, other gods will not interfere.
气候
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Jinzhong City is located in the mid-latitude inland Loess Plateau, a warm temperate continental semi-arid monsoon climate zone. The basic characteristics of the climate are: four distinct seasons of the year, dry and windy in spring, hot and rainy in summer, clear and crisp in autumn, cold and snowless in winter, short in spring and autumn, and long in winter and summer.
抵达
[]
乘飞机
[]The nearest airport is Taiyuan's Taiyuan Wusu International Airport, which lies just outside Jinzhong's muncipal boundaries. Buses operate about 8 times a day between the airport and the city centre. The bus fare is ¥3.
乘火车
[]There are two main railway stations in Jinzhong
- 晋中火车站 (晋中站), 榆次区红马营街 (公交 1, 201, 205路). The main station in Jinzhong for high-speed train services.
- 榆次火车站 (榆次站), 榆次区迎宾街103号 (公交 1, 2, 4（含内外环），5, 15, 203, 207, 801路), ☏ +86 354 3062207. This station only serves regular-speed trains, but has the advantage of being closer to the city center.
乘巴士
[]Due to Jinzhong's close proximity to Taiyuan, there are a number of public buses based in Taiyuan that cross over into Jinzhong. Bus no. 901 for instance can take you from Taiyuan Railway Station to the center of Jinzhong.
- 晋中长途汽车站 (晋中市汽车客运总站), 榆次区一零八国道与龙湖街交汇处东南角 (本地公交线路 3, 101, 106, 205路), ☏ +86 354 3984222. Jinzhong's main central bus station. There aren't that many buses departing from here, however. Mostly what you will find is buses heading to nearby towns. For longer routes, you will probably need to use one of the bus stations in Taiyuan.
四处逛逛
[]A special tourist bus operates from Yuci Old Town. Stops on the route include Yuci Old Town, Chang Family Compound, Qiao Family Compound, Pingyao Old Town, Mianshan and Wang Family Compound.
看
[]Central Jinzhong
[]
- 常家庄园 (常家庄园), 榆次区东阳镇车辋村 (榆次区西南部；乘坐12路公交车), ☏ +86 354 2756789, +86 354 2756906. 8AM-6:30PM. One of the Shanxi merchant family compounds. Like the other family compounds, the Chang Family Compound was built over several generations by a wealthy merchant family to house the many branches of this successful clan. The Chang Family Compound is the largest of the Shanxi merchant family manors; despite its impressive size, however, what remains today is just one quarter of the original 600,000 square-meter compound, which contained over 1500 rooms. As the family prospered and grew in size, the Changs placed a great emphasis on education. This academic focus produced many scholars, painters, and calligraphers, and for this reason this compound is more interesting artistically than some of the other compounds in the region. Each of the courtyards, which are laid out along a 1 km long road, is somewhat different, but the themes throughout are very similar, with grey buildings, archways, smaller courtyards, and gardens in each one. The courtyards are filled with carvings in brick, stone, and wood, and there are many examples of carving which are of very high quality. The garden in one of the courtyards contains a collection of carved stone lions of various shapes and sizes. Originally there were 108 lions in the collection; today only 50+ remain. Behind these courtyards is a large garden, designed in both the northern China and southern China styles, purportedly because the Chang family had to entertain visitors from both north and south. A 29-meter tall Guanji Tower in this garden is the tallest structure in the compound and offers expansive views over the entire compound from the top. ¥80.
- 晋中市博物馆 (晋中市博物馆), 榆次区广安街188号 (广安街与新建北路交叉口西南150米。公交线路 5, 11, 13北, 13南, 205, 新202路). 09:00-17:00，16:00停止入场，周一闭馆。法定节假日正常开放，包括周一休假的节假日。周一遇国庆节，则周一开馆，周二休馆。 The Jinzhong City Museum is a brand new museum, which opened in June 2018. Visitors are limited to 4000 per day. 免费.
- 榆次老城 (榆次老城), 榆次区府兴路225号 (主入口外设有公交车站，12, 18, 19, 22（含内外环）, 31, 35, 38, 新202, 206, 901（支线）和旅游专线公交车在此停靠), ☏ +86 354 8500003, yucilaochegn@yclc.com. 08:00-19:00（夏季），08:30-18:30；停止售票时间为闭馆前60分钟；闭馆前30分钟停止入场. Historically Yuci was a prosperous merchant town similar to Pingyao. Unlike Pingyao, however, Yuci suffered serious damage to its architectural heritage during the mid-twentieth century, so most of the structures you see here today have been either rebuilt or extensively renovated. A notable exception is the Yuci City God Temple (榆次城隍庙), which dates from the Yuan Dynasty and is considered one of the best preserved city god temples in China. ¥60.
Greater Jinzhong
[]Jiexiu City
[]- 介休城隍庙 (介休城隍庙), 介休市东大街285号 (介休火车站东北约2公里，介休汽车站西约2.5公里). 08:30-17:30. A city god temple dating from the Ming Dynasty. Like other city god temples, Jieixu's city god temple is used to worship the local city god.
- 绵山 (绵山, Mianshan), 介休市绵山镇南槐志村 (either take the special tourist bus that departs from Yuci Old Town or take a train to Jiexu East Railway Station and get a bus from there), ☏ +86 354 7055111. 08:00-19:30 (April–October), 08:30-18:00 (November–March). Mian Shan (or Silky Mountain) is noted for its natural scenery, especially for its cultural and religious relics. It is also the birthplace of the Qingming Festival (Grave Cleaning Day), which is one of China’s most important traditional festivals and items of intangible cultural heritage. The mountain is located in Jiexiu City, 40 km south of Pingyao. Tours often combine this with the Wang Family Compound and Zhangbi Ancient Castle as they are close together. Ticket packages include multiple bus tickets, which seem necessary to buy in order to get to the mountain's many attractions. ¥110 (April–October), ¥90 (November–March).
- 张壁古堡 (张壁古堡, Zhangbi Fortress), 介休市龙风镇张壁村 (乘坐介休火车站公交301路), ☏ +86 354 7086002, toll-free: +86 400 1161600. 08:00-18:00. Zhangbi Castle was founded in the Sixteen Kingdoms period with a construction area of 12,000 square meters. It is based on the traditional Chinese horoscope and the concepts of Earth and earth. The castle has a north-south gate, a brick north gate, and an outer gate. The outer gate was used to fortify the barbican and was topped with religious temples. The Barbican Gate opens to the northeast and forms two gateways with the north gate. The two gates are not on the same axis, which not only follows the principles of ancient military defense, but also implies the use of geomancy. Nanbao Gate is a stone gate with a carved stone dragon head. Outside the gate, there are nine red stone paved roads, symbolizing the dragon's beard. ¥67.
Lingshi County
[]- 红崖大峡谷 (红崖大峡谷, 红崖峡谷 Red Cliff Canyon), 灵石县小柏沟村东 (the park entrance is about 4.5 km east of Lingshi East Railway Station; there are said to be special tourist buses operating between the station and the park entrance), ☏ +0354-7830555. Apr-Oct: 08:00-18:00; Nov-Mar: 09:00-17:00. The park is a combination of danger, strangeness and seclusion. It is a natural scenic spot with a beautiful ecological environment, dense forests, open meadows and beautiful scenery. It is also rich in water resources, with many waterfalls, forming a more spectacular water system. Therefore, it was awarded the “Most Influential Forest Park” by the State Forestry Administration of the People's Republic of China. The scenic spot offers many recreational activities such as watching the sea of clouds at the top of the mountain, rafting in the valley, taking part in the water carnival, and so on. It is the only eco-tourism resort in northern China to feature a combination of canyons, forests, alpine meadows and diversified meteorological landscapes. ¥80.
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- 王家大院 (王家大院), 灵石县静升镇静升村 (Jinzhong's special tourist bus terminates here; you can also get a bus or train to Lingshi, then take either bus no. 7 or 8, or catch a taxi to get the Wang Family Compound from there), ☏ +86 354 7722122. 08:30-17:20. With 54 courtyards and over 1000 rooms, this massive compound is one of the largest of the residential complexes built by successful Shanxi merchants. It is, for instance, four times the size of the Qiao Family Compound. The Wang family started in farming and expanded into trading, then became officials. As the family grew in size and as they prospered, more and more courtyards were added to this residential complex, which was first constructed in the mid 1600s. Just as important as the scale of the complex is the distinctive architectural style and artistic finishing. As one moves from courtyard to courtyard, one can see an impressive collection of decorative lattice screens and windows, shaped openings between rooms and courtyards, and graceful roofs. The houses and courtyards feature carvings everywhere--in stone, brick, and wood--from the eaves of the houses and ridges of the roofs to window frames, timber joints, and doorways. Paintings, calligraphy, and Qing Dynasty furniture also decorate the houses. ¥55.
Pingyao County
[]- See also: Pingyao
- 平遥古城 (平遥古城) (accessible by both train and bus; see Pingyao#Get in), ☏ +86 354 5690000. Founded in the reign of King Xuan of the Zhou Dynasty and expanded during the time of Emperor Hongwu of the Ming Dynasty, Pingyao has a history of more than 2,800 years. The central axis of the ancient city is the south street, east of the ancient city, Pingyao County Office, the left side of the ancient city is Liwen Temple, right side Liwu Temple, Dongdao Buddhist Temple, layout is very symmetrical.The old town of the Ming and Qing dynasties is still largely intact and is regarded as the most complete ancient Han Chinese town in China. Pingyao is also known as one of the “Four best preserved ancient cities in China”, and it is one of only two ancient cities in China that have successfully applied for world cultural heritage status for an entire ancient city. UNESCO described the ancient city of Pingyao as an outstanding example of an ancient Chinese city during the Ming and Qing dynasties, with all its features preserved. General entry is free; some attractions in the city charge a fee.
Qi County
[]
- 乔家大院 (乔家大院), 祁县东观镇乔家堡村 (the most direct way to get here is to take the special tourist bus that departs from Yuci Old City; you can also get a bus or train to the county seat of Qi County and then get a public bus (no. 29) from there), ☏ +86 354 3831420. 08:30-18:30. This extensive compound was constructed in 1756 by Qiao Guifa, who made his fortune selling tea and bean curd in Inner Mongolia. He returned to his hometown in Qi County and built his dream house, which was then expanded by later generations of Qiao's. This magnificent complex is laid out in the shape of the Chinese xi character, meaning "double happiness." After entering through the main gate, you finds yourself on a long path leading to the main hall, which is the family's ancestral hall. This path divides the compound into southern and northern sections. Both halves have three courtyards each, and these six courtyards in turn include 20 smaller courtyards, 313 rooms, and a number of gardens spread out over a two-acre piece of land. The compound impressed visitors not just for its size but also for the exquisitie craftsmanship displayed in the brick carvings, woodwork, murals, and inscribed tablets. The wide variety of different roof styles is particularly interesting to see, and there are over 140 chimneys in the compound, each having its own design. Zhang Yimou's popular film, Raise the Red Lantern, was filmed here. ¥115.
- 渠家大院 (渠家大院), 祁县东大街33号 (in the county seat; 1.3 km north of Qi County Railway Station), ☏ +86 354 5223101. 08:00-17:30 (winter), 08:00-19:00 (summer). The Qu Family Compound is another extended family residence built near Pingyao Ancient City by a successful Shanxi merchant clan over a number of generations. This 300-year-old compound was very unusual in having five layers of courtyard, and the entire compound has 8 large courtyards, 19 smaller courtyards, and 240 rooms overall. One enters the compound from a street built in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and which still retains the architectural feel of that period. Despite its great size, it is said that what is seen here represents only about one-fifth of the Qu family's estate. The Qu family was a very successful example of the Shanxi merchant, and their estate used to occupy most of the eastern half of Qi County. Overall, they owned 10 compounds containing over 1000 rooms. During the Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese occupied the compound, and the family had to temporarily relocate their head office to Chengdu. A Japanese observation post built above the roof of one of the buildings in the complex still remains. A few blocks away from the main compound is the Changyuchuan Teahouse, which also belonged to the Qu family. The ticket to the Qu Family Compound also includes entrance to a series of six museums in the area, including those dedicated to rulers, scales, mirrors, and vessels for measuring rice. The most interesting one is an abacus museum which includes a pagoda built completely from 668 abacuses. ¥40.
Taigu District
[]- 曹家庄园 (曹家大院, 三多堂 Sanduo Hall), 太谷区东后街 (get a bus or train to Taigu District (the train only takes 15 minutes); then take bus no. T06 from either Taigu Bus Station or Taigu East Railway Station), ☏ +86 354 6130020, +86 354 6130021. Apr-Oct: 08:00-18:00, Nov-Mar: 09:00-17:00. ¥60.
- 孔祥熙故居 (孔祥熙宅园, 孔家大院 Kong Family Compound), 太谷区上官巷1号 (2.2 km from Taigu Bus Station and 1.4 km from Taigu Railway Station; after arriving in Taigu District, you may walk to the residence, get a taxi or take bus no. T01, T03, T05, T16 or T22), ☏ +86 354 6230121. 08:00-17:30. ¥60.
Yushe County
[]- 榆社县化石博物馆 (榆社县化石博物馆), 榆社县迎春南路27号 (27 Yingchun Road South, Yushe County) (乘坐火车至榆社西站（晋中站出发约半小时），换乘21路公交车在旧汽车站下车；或者乘坐长途汽车至榆社县，再换乘18、19、20或22路公交车；博物馆距离榆社汽车站约3公里), ☏ +86 354 6624106. 夏季：08:30-17:30，冬季：08:30-17:00. 免费.
活动
[]电影院
[]晋中市有许多电影院。
晋中影院位于中国山西省晋中市榆次区中都路道北街。影院提供多种电影观看。
社火节
[]2月28日，中国（晋中）社火节的重头戏在晋中市城区举行。来自晋中市各县（市）的14支队伍、近3000名表演者展示了晋中大地的崭新面貌。今年的社火活动以大型灯展和街头艺术表演为特色。“大型灯展”在晋中市迎宾广场、榆湖公园、迎宾绿地广场、榆次文化中心广场以及榆次老城展出，重点展示了晋中彩灯的“动人”风采。
购物
[]- 太谷龟龄集
- 太谷龟龄集是山西省晋中市太谷县的特产。龟龄集已远销港澳地区，并出口到东南亚、非洲、欧洲等21个国家。为适应药物多元化和出口需求，太谷人以优质的汾酒为基酒，将龟龄集制成了具有独特风味的稀世药酒——龟龄集。
- 平遥剪纸
- 传统的中国剪纸装饰品。平遥风格的剪纸形式丰富多样，贴近生活，寓意深刻。在古老的明清街巷，每隔三五步便有一户人家，已成为一道独特的民俗风景线。剪纸作品散发出浓郁的生活气息和乡土风情，作为一种表现力强的民俗，轻轻触动着游客的心灵。
- 六合泰枕
- 据说慈禧太后西行至平遥时，饱受内外交困之苦，久不能寐。身边的平遥官员急忙进献当时平遥独有的“六合枕”，以助慈禧太后安眠。次日，慈禧太后龙颜大悦，询问此枕为何名“六合”。得知“六合”是指一个有六个孔的指枕，且每个孔相互连通，分别代表上下、东西、南北，寓意天下和平、和谐。慈禧太后龙心大悦，脱口而出：“天下太平，国泰民安！”遂赐名“泰”。
- 山西灵石绣
- 山西灵石绣具有独特的表现形式、互补元素，简洁、精致。山西是乡村刺绣的代表。刺绣有三种类型：服装、日用品和仪式装饰品。典型的绣品有枕头，有的设计成两只虎头、人面虎头、鱼尾虎头或青蛙。如今，刺绣更多地用于靠垫、鞋垫、钱包和旅游纪念品。
- 六曲香酒
- 晋中省祁县土质肥沃，水资源丰富，盛产小麦、高粱等粮食作物，适合酿酒。据《祁县志》记载，当地有“春分酿酒”和“六月六日做曲”的习俗。祁县六曲香酒于1974年被评为山西省名酒。其酒质纯正，醇厚爽口，柔和甘甜，回味悠长。
餐饮
[]
- 平遥碗托
- 平遥特色风味面食小吃，口感筋道，滑爽可口。
- 灌馅
- 又称馅糖，是介休的特色传统糖果，是介休八宝之一，也是山西十大特色美食之一。是一种咬下去酥脆甜蜜的食物，深受广大消费者好评。介休灌糖历史悠久。据县志记载，早在明末清初就已销往全国，享有盛誉。
- 平遥牛肉
- 平遥县的特产，是中国国家地理标志产品，也是清宫御贡。
- 挂炉烧饼
- 制作精良，用料考究，外酥内嫩，酥脆可口，外观美丽，因其器具、工艺、造型、口感等与“面食”不同，被工商部门评为“传统名吃”。
- 珍珠粥
- 山西省寿阳县的传统小吃之一。珍珠粥是山西省常见的玉米杂粮粥。
- 寿阳县茶食
- 山西省寿阳县的著名传统小吃，是煎饼和月饼的早餐组合。这种食物外酥内脆，形状像小巧的酥皮月饼。据说“茶食”这个名字是唐代大文豪韩愈所赐。
饮品
[]酒吧
[]- 愉笙民谣清吧 (愉笙民谣清吧), 榆次区金华街道云华街金鑫福地下商场B1层, ☏ +86 15698422334. 周一至周日 18:00-02:00. 民谣主题酒吧。 可乐桶仅需58元，啤酒价格也很实惠.
- 几何JEHOO 日咖夜酒 (几何JEHOO 日咖夜酒), 定阳路580号1楼1006室 (距离大学生活广场步行980米), ☏ +86 15698350642. 周一至周日 15:00-03:00. 氛围很好，非常适合拍照打卡。 鸡尾酒和啤酒大约都在10元左右.
- Summer Club, 万科广场A5-306，定阳路（距离大学城生活广场70米, ☏ +86 15698424472. 周一至周五 16:00-04:00 周六、周日 14:00-04:00。便宜，下午也营业，晚上9点有驻唱歌手。一瓶青岛啤酒仅售6元。
咖啡和茶
[]- 蓝山咖啡 (蓝山咖啡), 榆次区安宁街天森嘉园A座, ☏ +86 0354-3028222. 周一至周日 09:00-00:00. 这里不仅可以享受下午茶，晚餐时间也可以在此用餐。 套餐下午茶加点心90元.
住宿
[]如果不是中国籍，酒店选择不多。
- 星海酒店 (星海酒店 Xīnghǎi Jiǔdiàn), 新建北路5号10排（近山西传媒学院、山西医科大学）, ☏ +86 15835762164. 入住：下午2点，退房：中午退房. ¥89-103.
- 有居无束酒店 (有居无束酒店 Yǒujū Wúshù Jiǔdiàn), 凤翔街东瑞创意街1号16楼, ☏ +86 19135702517. 入住：下午2点，退房：中午退房. ¥108-141.
- 云水阁主题酒店 (云水阁主题酒店 Yúnshuǐgé Zhǔtí Jiǔdiàn), 新建北路与文化街交叉口唐宁大道1号2单元, ☏ +86 1533445861. 入住：中午，退房：下午2点. ¥97-115.
- 至安影院公寓 (至安影院公寓 Zhì'ān Yǐngyuàn Gōngyù), 龙湖街东瑞创意街8号楼（近万达广场）, ☏ +86 15035669856. 入住：下午2点，退房：中午退房. ¥178-187.
Yushe County
[]- 杜府草堂民宿 (杜府草堂民宿 Dùfǔ Cǎotáng Mínsù), 云竹镇云竹村庆阳南巷8号, ☏ +86 15234131355. 入住：下午2点，退房：中午. ¥99-259.
Pingyao County
[]- 有关平遥住宿的更多信息，请参阅平遥 § 住宿条目。
连接
[]紧急电话
[]110 - 警察，119 - 火警，120 - 急救，122 - 交通事故
下一站
[]- 太原，山西省会。