《指环王》 (LotR) 是一系列高奇幻或史诗奇幻题材的电影，改编自J. R. R. 托尔金的小说，包括1937年的《霍比特人》以及20世纪50年代出版的、设定在一个被称为中土世界的虚构世界里的三卷本小说《指环王》。该系列电影在新西兰拍摄，片中的布景如今已成为该国最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。

了解

“ 弗罗多：回去吧，山姆。我自己去魔多。

山姆：当然了。我也跟你一起去。

”

虽然托尔金的小说奠定了史诗奇幻的体裁，并聚集了前所未有的粉丝群体，但其真人改编电影的开发历时数十年。20世纪70年代制作的动画系列电影反响平平，当新西兰导演彼得·杰克逊被宣布将执导《指环王》三部曲并于2001年至2003年上映时，粉丝们表示怀疑。

杰克逊三部曲的总预算为2.8亿美元。这些电影获得了评论家和粉丝的赞誉，总共获得了30项奥斯卡提名中的17项。该系列中的最后一部电影《王者归来》赢得了它获得提名的全部11项奥斯卡奖，包括最佳影片奖，使其与《宾虚》(1959) 和《泰坦尼克号》(1997) 并列，成为单部电影获得奥斯卡奖最多的影片。

2012年至2014年，彼得·杰克逊沿着故事的时间线往回追溯，将《霍比特人》小说改编成了三部曲电影。虽然影评界的成功程度不如前作，只获得了第一部一部荣誉奥斯卡奖，但这些电影在票房上取得了巨大成功，票房收入甚至超过了《指环王》三部曲。

这些作品已被改编成多种媒体，包括电子游戏、桌面游戏，并启发了后来的作品，以及真人角色扮演。

该电影系列继续维护一个网站，提供有关蓝光和DVD重制版等信息。图书出版商也维护着自己的网站，介绍《指环王》以及托尔金的其他作品。

准备

《霍比特人》是最容易阅读的，推荐作为入门读物，然后是小说三部曲，以及最初的电影三部曲（这将是参观新西兰的绝佳介绍）。《霍比特人》电影和其他相关内容可以留待以后观看。

看

影棚

所有六部电影都在新西兰惠灵顿市的Stone Street Studios拍摄，该影棚至今仍活跃，但通常不对公众开放。然而，大部分道具和布景都是在附近的Weta Workshop设计和制作的，该工作室确实提供公众可预订的导览，可通过公司网站预订。但请注意，不要期望看到原始布景和道具，因为它们在拍摄完成后已被销毁。

• 1 Weta Workshop, 21 Camperdown Road, Miramar, Wellington (corner of Camperdown Road & Weka Street, #2 bus from Railway Station or Courtenay Place), ☏ +64 4 909 4000. Tours can be booked online or at Wellington Visitor Information Centre. Note that Guided Transfer & Tour includes transport from city but costs $99 instead of $49 for Tour without transport (public transport via bus is cheaper, $6 one way if paid by cash and cheaper if paid by Snapper cards). Besides Tour, there are also creative workshops for special effects makeup, sculpting, and leatherwork. Unlike Tour, creative workshops are not available every day. $49-159. (updated Dec 2024)
  • 2 Weta Cave, 1 Weka Street, Miramar, Wellington (corner of Camperdown Road, #2 bus from Railway Station or Courtenay Place), ☏ +64 4 909 4100, bookings@wetaworkshop.co.nz. Daily 09:00-17:30. Weta's mini museum and souvenir shop in which you can purchase The Lord of the Rings memorabilia. Behind-the-scenes documentary film every 30 minutes. Photography allowed everywhere. If you have booked tour or workshop, you need to go to Weta Cave to check in. Free entry. (updated Dec 2024)

拍摄地点

瑙鲁赫伊火山在电影系列中是末日火山的替身

夏尔场景拍摄地的山姆的房子

《指环王》完全在新西兰拍摄，充分利用了该国著名的壮丽景色作为许多场景的背景。正是因为这一点，以及有时冗长的风景镜头，有人开玩笑说这些电影是“新西兰的一则巨型旅游广告”。

怀卡托

马塔马塔是夏尔和霍比屯场景的拍摄地。

• 1 Hobbiton Movie Set Tours, 501 Buckland Rd, Hinuera (14 km from Matamata. Free pick-up from Matamata i-Site), ☏ +64 7 888 1505, toll-free: 0508 446 224. Daily 08:30-16:30 (September to April); daily 08:30-15:30 (May to August). Tour the film set used for the Shire in The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit film trilogies. Adult $84, youth (9-16) $42, children (0-8) free with paying adult. (updated Apr 2018)

中部北岛

• 2 Mount Ngauruhoe, Tongariro National Park. The 2,291 m (7,516 ft) stratovolcano was the stand-in for Mount Doom (with some help from CGI). The summit itself is now off-limits, but there are close-up vantage points of Ngauruhoe from the popular Tongariro Alpine Crossing walk. (updated Mar 2017)

大惠灵顿

惠灵顿是新西兰的首都。它是世界上最风景如画的城市之一，也是三部曲制作的中心。许多近景镜头都在该市及邻近的哈特谷的各个地点拍摄。电影导演彼得·杰克逊出生在惠灵顿，并且至今仍居住在那里。

• 3 Harcourt Park (Isengard), Brown Owl, Upper Hutt. A park located in the city of Upper Hutt, where some of the Isengard scenes, such as the famous scene of Gandalf riding on the road to Isengard Tower, were filmed. None of the sets remain as the filmmakers were required to return the park to its original condition once filming was done, and the tower itself was never actually built but was later digitally added to the scene. Nevertheless, the park is still a rather pretty one and a nice place to relax and have a picnic. Free.  

• 4 Kaitoke Regional Park (Rivendell), Waterworks Road, Kaitoke (off SH 2, 16 km north of Upper Hutt). The Rivendell set location, with a replica of the Elvish Archway, is a short walk from the Pakuratahi Forks carpark. (updated Mar 2017)
• 5 Putangirua Pinnacles, Cape Palliser Rd, South Wairarapa (45 km south of Martinborough, on the way to Cape Palliser). Formed by badlands erosion, the pinnacles were the location of the Paths of the Dead sequence from The Return of the King. They can be viewed from a lookout which is a two-hour return walk from the carpark and DOC campsite.  
• 6 Mount Victoria, Lookout Rd, Hataitai, Wellington (#20 bus from Courtenay Place). A hill located within the city of Wellington. A park on the hill was used to film the scenes in which the four hobbits were being chased by the Ringwraiths in the forest in the first movie, The Fellowship of the Ring. Free.  
• 7 Dry Creek Quarry, Haywards Hill Rd (SH 58), Haywards, Lower Hutt. Where the sets for Helm's Deep and Minas Tirith were built. None of the sets remain, and the location is still a working quarry that is generally not open to the public, though it can be viewed from the outside.  

纳尔逊

就在惠灵顿的对面海域，是许多道具制作的工作室所在地。周边乡村也有几个拍摄地点。

坎特伯雷

周边麦肯齐乡村1 Twizel stood in for Pelennor Fields.

Queenstown-Lakes

许多场景都在小镇2 Glenorchy near3 Queenstown. This area is well known as one of the most scenic, though remote areas of New Zealand, and some filming sites are located several hours' drive from civilisation on gravel roads.

• 8 Paradise, 1771 Paradise Road, Glenorchy, ☏ +64 3 442 9956. A forested area near Glenorchy where the scene in which Boromir was killed by the orcs, and where Merry and Pippin were kidnapped, was filmed. free.  

与托尔金相关的地点

还有几个地点与小说作者J. R. R. 托尔金有关，这些地方在电影制作之前很久就已成为小说粉丝的热门景点。

• 布隆方丹，南非 – 托尔金出生于此，父母为英国人。
• 伯明翰，英格兰 – 父亲去世后，托尔金在3岁时搬到这里居住。
• Oxford, England - Tolkien was a student, and later a professor at the University of Oxford, during which he wrote both The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings. It was also here that he formed a long-lasting friendship with C. S. Lewis, the author of The Chronicles of Narnia, another critically acclaimed fantasy novel series. Both were members of a more or less formalized circle and discussion group of fellow authors called the "Inklings", which met regularly at a pub known as The Eagle and Child.

学习

Tolkien was a professor of linguistics at the University of Oxford who famously argued with his translators on how certain things should be translated into their native languages, and constructed many fictional languages for the different races of his fictional world. These languages were subsequently expanded on by linguist David Salo for the films, and featured prominently in them. Among the most thoroughly fleshed out and popular of these languages are the Elvish languages of Sindarin and Quenya, spoken by the elves of Rivendell and Lothlórien respectively. Other fictional languages featured in the series included the Dwarvish language of Khuzdul, as well as the Black Speech of Mordor. The popularity of Tolkien's works has led many dedicated fans to attempt to learn these languages. Several Tolkien societies have provided both online resources and actual classes for those interested in learning how to speak the languages, and some of the more passionate ones even conduct some of their society meetings in these languages.

另请参阅

• 维京人和古诺斯语 — 托尔金试图用他的作品为英格兰创造神话，由于其与盎格鲁-撒克逊神话的共同日耳曼起源，他从北欧神话中汲取了明显的灵感。北欧神话的明显影响包括精灵和矮人，以及巫师甘道夫的名字，这个名字来源于北欧神话中的矮人Gandálfr。
• 日本动漫 — 尽管精灵和矮人的概念源自日耳曼异教，但托尔金对它们的描绘对它们在流行文化中的形象产生了巨大影响，日本的奇幻漫画和动画几乎总是以托尔金的描绘为模型。