特尔梅索斯 是土耳其潘菲利亚地区的一座古城，坐落在安塔利亚西北 30 公里处的山区。

了解

特尔梅索斯曾是皮西迪亚地区的一座城市，该地区在青铜时代和铁器时代处于半独立状态。它坐落在索利莫斯山（今 Güllük Dağı）上，位于托罗斯山脉，海拔 1150 米。最早的记载可追溯到公元前 333 年，当时亚历山大大帝未能征服它。他很少受挫，但尚不清楚他为何会尝试，因为他几乎没有理由费心。他可能只是为了在进军萨加拉索斯并将其摧毁之前，惩治一下当地的盗匪。特尔梅索斯与他的继承人托勒密结盟，与邻近地区作战，但最终落入罗马的统治之下。在某个未知日期，一场地震不仅摧毁了城镇，还破坏了其输水管道，该城因此被废弃。由于地处偏僻，其石材并未被拆除。考古学家研究过其地表，但尚未进行发掘。

1970 年建立的 Güllük-Termessos 山国家公园涵盖了该地区。大部分是山区森林；另一个主要遗址是位于安塔利亚西郊的 Neapolis。

抵达

您需要自驾前往，特尔梅索斯没有公共交通。从 安塔利亚 出发，沿 D350 公路向西前往 Korkuteli – 这是一条良好的双车道公路，在 22 公里后会有醒目的指示牌指向岔路口。Dolmuşes 和巴士会沿着这条路线行驶，可以在这里下车，但之后还需要徒步 9 公里才能到达遗址。通常在山下会有出租车等候，但费用较高。很少有游客驾车前来，因此搭便车可能不太现实。如果您选择徒步，请考虑往返的行程，以及在 dolmuşes 晚上 18:00 左右停止运行之前能否返回。

该遗址每日 08:00-17:00 开放，2023 年门票为 70 土耳其里拉。

四处逛逛

请穿着结实的鞋子，该区域崎岖不平，不适合行动不便的人士。

景点与活动

• 外围城墙 remains as a short stretch by the highway turnoff. 沿着公路岔口处保留着一小段外围城墙。
• 国王大道 was the ancient approach to the city, glimpsed here and there from the modern paved lane. 是古代通往城市的道路，在现代铺砌的路旁隐约可见。
• 1 哈德良神庙 is the first structure encountered by the parking lot at the head of the lane. North necropolis is also in this area, with sarcophagi (bashed about by treasure hunters) here and there in the woods. 是小径尽头停车场遇到的第一个建筑。北部墓地也在此区域，林间随处可见（被寻宝者破坏的）石棺。
• Agora is the main square and market place just within the city walls. It has raised paving and five large water cisterns, so supplying water and cleaning up after the livestock were led away would be daily business. 是城墙内的主广场和市场。地面铺有抬高的石板，并有五个大型蓄水池，因此供水和在牲畜被赶走后的清理工作是日常事务。
• 2 体育馆 and baths are scattered ruins northwest of the agora beyond the cisterns. 和浴场是位于水池西北方向 Agora 区域散布的废墟。
• Founder's House is a Roman mansion west side of the agora: the inscription over the doorway praises the owner as founder of the city. He was clearly no such thing but presumably endowed various structures in his lifetime. 是 Agora 西侧的一座罗马时期豪宅：门楣上的铭文赞扬主人为城市的创始人。他显然不是创始人，但据推测在他生前捐赠了各种建筑。
• 3 剧院 is the highlight. It was built 2nd century BC with a seating capacity of 4000-5000 and the stage house was added in the 1st century AD. Performances would need to be good, as the site commands a great panorama. Colonnades were later added on top but have disappeared. 是这里的亮点。它建于公元前 2 世纪，可容纳 4000-5000 人，舞台建筑在公元 1 世纪添加。表演必须精彩，因为这里享有壮丽的全景。后来在顶部增加了柱廊，但现已不复存在。
• Odeon 100 m southwest of the theatre was the civic events venue, built 1st century BC and with a capacity of 600-700. Buildings of this nature were usually also the bouleuterion or city council chambers. 歌剧院位于剧院西南 100 米处，是市民活动场所，建于公元前 1 世纪，可容纳 600-700 人。这类建筑通常也是议事厅或市议会所在地。
• Heroön is a shrine to the city heroes, 50 m west of the Odeon. It's not known which local heroes were venerated here. 英雄祠是供奉城市英雄的圣殿，位于歌剧院以西 50 米处。不知道曾在此祭祀哪些当地英雄。

Rock tombs along the road into Termessos

• 4 阿尔忒弥斯神庙 is the best preserved of the five ruined temples around the Agora. 是 Agora 周围五座废弃神庙中保存最完好的。
• 5 西部墓地 has the "tomb of Alcetas", with a relief of a horseman. He was one of Alexander the Great's generals, who after their commander's death began murdering and fighting each other: the chief winner was Ptolemy who founded a 275-year dynasty in Egypt. The legend goes that in 320 BC, Alcetas was holed up in Termessos as Ptolemy's forces laid siege: the city fathers decided to hand him over. He committed suicide rather than face this, his corpse was handed over and defiled, but the city built a fine tomb once they were sure his opponents had marched away for good. 拥有“阿尔凯塔斯之墓”，墓上有骑马战士的浮雕。他是亚历山大大帝的将军之一，在指挥官去世后，他们开始互相残杀：最大的赢家是托勒密，他在埃及建立了一个持续 275 年的王朝。传说公元前 320 年，阿尔凯塔斯在托勒密军队围攻特尔梅索斯时被困：城里的长者决定将他交出去。他选择自杀而非面对此境，他的尸体被交出去并受到玷污，但一旦确认他的对手已彻底撤离，这座城市就为他建造了一座精美的坟墓。
• 6 南部墓地 has rock tombs and battered sarcophagi. 拥有岩石墓和被破坏的石棺。
• 7 Yenice Han is a pair of 17th century inns along the former road to Korkuteli. Both are tumbledown and overgrown. 是沿 Kükuteli 旧路的一对 17 世纪客栈。两者都已破败不堪，杂草丛生。

购物、餐饮和饮品

There are no shops or cafes at the site so bring everything you need, including snacks and plenty of water. 该遗址没有商店或咖啡馆，所以请携带您需要的一切，包括零食和充足的水。

Yeşil Vadi Restaurant is 300 m from the turnoff, on Şehit Ahmet Ayverdi Cd the opposite lane heading northeast to Dosemealti. Yeşil Vadi 餐厅距离岔路口 300 米，位于 Şehit Ahmet Ayverdi 大街上，在通往 Dosemealti 的东北方向的对面车道。

住宿

There is no accommodation in the park, and camping is not permitted. 公园内没有住宿，也不允许露营。

Döşemealtı pansiyon is 500 m east of the turnoff, on Şehit Ahmet Ayverdi Cd 200 m beyond the restaurants. It has a cafe and basic rooms. Döşemealtı 旅馆位于岔路口以东 500 米处，在 Şehit Ahmet Ayverdi 大街上，距离餐厅 200 米。它设有咖啡馆和基础客房。

注意安全

Sarcophagus at Termessos

Don't leave valuables on display in the car, and apply lots of sun protection. Beware snakes in the woods. 请勿将贵重物品放在车内显眼处，并做好充分的防晒。小心林中的蛇。

下一站

• Antalya east is a big resort city, the start of a tourist strip extending out through Belek and Side to Alanya. 东边的 安塔利亚 是一个大型度假城市，是旅游带的起点，该旅游带延伸至 贝莱克 和 锡德，直至 阿拉尼亚。
• Korkuteli west is a large town where you could stop over, but its antiquities are scrappy. Staying on D350 eventually returns you to the coast at Fethiye. 西边的 Korkuteli 是一个大镇，您可以在此停留，但其古迹残缺不全。沿着 D350 公路继续行驶，最终将在 费特希耶 返回海岸。
• Branch south at Korkuteli for Elmalı, starting point for hikes into the nearby mountains. 在 Korkuteli 向南分支前往 埃尔马勒，这是徒步进入附近山区的起点。

Routes through Termessos

伊兹密尔 ← 代尼兹利 ←

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→ 安塔利亚 → 终点位于