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来自维客旅行

美国国家纪念地是美国国家公园系统的一部分。与美国国家公园不同,国家纪念地可以由总统公告设立,无需国会批准。因此,它们可能在级别上低于国家公园,但仍然是壮观而迷人的自然风光和国家历史的组成部分;许多这些地方可能是主要行程的亮点,或者值得单独成为一次旅行的目的地。

本文中的地图标记大致按每个纪念地的主题进行了颜色编码:灰色代表历史遗址,栗色代表美洲原住民史前遗址,绿色代表自然风光。当然,许多纪念地具有这些特征的组合:具有历史意义的自然地貌,被自然风光环绕的史前遗址,等等。

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美国国家纪念地地图
  • 弗朗西斯·珀金斯国家纪念地, 纽卡斯尔 (near 怀斯凯特) — the "woman behind the New Deal", the first woman to serve in the Presidential Cabinet
  • 卡塔丁伍兹和水国家纪念地, 帕滕
麦克亨利堡国家纪念地
  • 麦克亨利堡国家纪念地及历史圣地, 费尔希尔, 巴尔的摩 Site of a famous battle in the War of 1812 where Francis Scott Key saw the American flag still flying over the fort and composed the lyrics to the Star Spangled Banner, which later became the country's national anthem.
自由女神国家纪念地
  • 非洲公墓国家纪念地, 金融区, 纽约市 A site in Lower Manhattan containing the remains of hundreds of Africans buried in what was a colonial-era cemetery.
  • 克林顿堡国家纪念地, 金融区, 纽约市 A former fort at the southern tip of Manhattan that also served as the main immigration station in the country until a larger one at Ellis Island was built.
  • 斯坦维克斯堡国家纪念地, 罗马 A fort in upstate New York that was the site of a battle in the American Revolution.
  • 总督岛国家纪念地, 纽约港, 纽约市 An island park just off the southern tip of Manhattan that was once the site of military fortifications and an army base.
  • 自由女神像国家纪念地, 纽约港, 纽约市 Home to Lady Liberty, still greeting visitors to New York Harbor. Tours of the inside of the statue are available if you reserve far in advance. Nearby on a separate island is 埃利斯岛, the famous former immigration station where the ancestors of a significant portion of America's population arrived in the United States.
  • 斯通沃尔国家纪念地, 格林威治村, 纽约市 — the Stonewall Inn and surrounding area, site of the Stonewall riots, making this the first national monument dedicated to LGBT history.
  • 贝尔蒙特-保罗女性平等国家纪念地, 国会山 — One of the most historic buildings in Washington, of great importance in the women's rights movement.
  • 伯明翰民权国家纪念地, 伯明翰 — Birmingham saw several key events in the Civil Rights Movement, leaving historic landmarks preserved to this day.
  • 自由骑士国家纪念地, 安妮斯顿 — Two locations important to the Civil Rights Movement: an old Greyhound Bus depot, and the site outside town where a bus was burned.
  • 拉塞尔洞穴国家纪念地 A cave system noted for its significant prehistoric archaeological finds; site of the earliest known human settlement in the southeastern United States.
  • 弗雷德里卡堡国家纪念地, 圣西蒙斯岛 Preserves the ruins of a British fort and town from the 18th century.
  • 普拉斯基堡国家纪念地, 泰比岛 A masonry fort that was the site of a crucial naval battle during the Civil War.
  • 尼尔森营国家纪念地, 尼古拉斯维尔 — a training ground for African-American soldiers in the 内战.
  • 米尔斯普林斯战场国家纪念地, near 萨默塞特 – a Civil War battlefield.
  • 贫困点国家纪念地, Pioneer, 路易斯安那州北部 Prehistoric earthworks and mounds dating to nearly three thousand years ago.
  • 埃米特·蒂尔和玛米·蒂尔-莫布利国家纪念地 纪念14岁男孩埃米特·蒂尔被私刑的事件。举行葬礼的芝加哥教堂也属于国家纪念地的一部分。
  • 梅德加和米尔莉·埃弗斯故居国家纪念地, 杰克逊, Mississippi — home of civil rights activist Medgar Evers.
萨姆特堡国家纪念地
  • 萨姆特堡国家纪念地, 查尔斯顿 An island fort at the mouth of Charleston Harbor that is famous as the site of the opening battle of the Civil War.
    • 穆尔特里堡, 萨利文岛 Where South Carolina colonists fended off British attack during the American Revolution.
  • 布克·T·华盛顿国家纪念地, 罗阿诺克 Preserves portions of a former tobacco plantation where Booker T. Washington, noted African-American political leader, was born into slavery.
  • 门罗堡国家纪念地, 汉普顿 A former military base that was a strategic site for forts from the first colonists in the area to the Civil War, when it served as a safe haven for freed slaves.
  • 乔治·华盛顿出生地国家纪念地, 威斯特摩兰县 Site of George Washington's birth and burial place of many of Washington's family members. Period buildings and furnishings are on display.
  • 圣马科斯城堡国家纪念地, 圣奥古斯丁 Built as a Spanish fort in the 17th century before changing to British and American hands.
  • 马坦萨斯堡国家纪念地, 圣奥古斯丁 A small Spanish fort dating to the 1740s.
  • 罗伯茨圣殿福音派基督教堂 in 铜维尔, Chicago Site of the funeral of Emmett Till, a 14-year-old lynching victim, whose service was held with an open casket to show the grotesque mutilations he was subjected to. Now part of 埃米特·蒂尔和玛米·蒂尔-莫布利国家纪念地, which also includes sites in Mississippi.
  • 斯普林菲尔德1908年种族骚乱国家纪念地 in 斯普林菲尔德 Site of a brutal episode of racial violence that was part of the impetus for founding the NAACP. The monument was established in 2024 and doesn't yet have much to see or do, but the NPS maintains a list of related sites in Springfield.
  • 乔治·华盛顿·卡弗国家纪念地, Diamond (near 乔普林) Boyhood home of botanist and inventor George Washington Carver.
  • 查尔斯·杨水牛士兵国家纪念地, 希尼亚 Commemorates the life of Charles Young, the first African American National Park Service Superintendent and the highest ranking black army officer of his time.
  • 阿里贝茨燧石采石场国家纪念地, 弗里奇 A quarry site for flint that was distributed throughout the Great Plains in prehistoric times.
  • 韦科猛犸国家纪念地, 韦科 — A paleontological site with fossilized mammoths.
Jewel Cave National Monument
  • 布朗斯峡谷国家纪念碑 (BLM & USFS),位于萨利达布埃纳维斯塔之间 阿肯色河的一部分,以其白水漂流而闻名。
  • 古代峡谷国家纪念碑 (BLM),靠近科尔特斯
  • 烟囱岩国家纪念碑 (USFS),靠近帕戈萨泉 一个祖先普韦布洛人的考古遗址。
  • 科罗拉多国家纪念碑 包含巨石峡谷,那里有壮观的岩石构造和沙漠野生动物。
  • 恐龙国家纪念碑 保存了侏罗纪化石床;公园内的博物馆展出了恐龙化石。
  • 弗洛里森圣餐台国家纪念碑 近3500万年前的石化红杉以及动植物的精细化石。
  • 丝兰屋国家纪念碑,靠近科尔特斯 大约一千年前,一个大部分未被发掘的祖先普韦布洛人考古遗址。
  • 月球陨石坑国家纪念碑 一个大型玄武岩流,有许多火山岩特征。
  • 哈格曼化石床国家纪念碑哈格曼 包含最后一个冰期之前的丰富化石床。
  • 魔鬼塔国家纪念碑 一座高耸的石质巨塔,从周围的地貌中戏剧性地升起,如今也许因在电影《第三类接触》高潮场景中的出现而最为著名。
  • 化石山国家纪念碑 包含5000万年前的化石床。
Montezuma Castle National Monument
The Wave in Vermilion Cliffs National Monument
  • 阿维奎亚梅国家纪念碑内华达州南部 – 灵魂山及周边沙漠地区,被莫哈维人和其他原住团体视为圣地。
  • 盆地山脉国家纪念碑 – 广阔崎岖的荒野。
  • 戈尔德比尤特国家纪念碑 (BLM) — 沙漠景观,包括岩石艺术和戈尔德比尤特鬼镇。
  • 图勒泉化石床国家纪念碑,靠近北拉斯维加斯 保存了包含冰河时期化石床的地貌。
拉文塔纳拱门位于埃尔马尔派斯国家纪念碑
  • 阿兹特克遗址国家纪念碑法明顿 大型祖先普韦布洛人村落的遗址,包括一个修复的穴居。
  • 班德利尔国家纪念碑 一系列古代且风景优美的悬崖居所,雕刻在当地峡谷的火山岩中。
  • 卡普林火山国家纪念碑新墨西哥州东北部,位于拉顿克莱顿之间 一座从周围平原拔地而起的已熄灭的火山渣锥。
  • 厄尔马尔派斯国家纪念碑 一个被大片熔岩岩石覆盖的盆地,在砂岩悬崖的底部突然结束。
  • 厄尔莫罗国家纪念碑,靠近厄尔马尔派斯国家纪念碑 一个砂岩构造,墙上有古代岩石雕刻和欧洲探险家留下的铭文。
  • 联邦兵营国家纪念地, near 拉斯维加斯 A former frontier post and military fort once situated on the 圣达菲小径
  • 吉拉悬崖民居国家纪念地, near 银城 A set of cliff dwellings perched on a high canyon wall.
  • 卡沙-卡图威帐篷岩国家纪念地 (BLM), 新墨西哥州中部 near 圣达菲 A small monument preserving a set of tent-shaped volcanic rock formations and a short but scenic stretch of slot canyon accessible to hikers.
  • 器官山脉-沙漠峰国家纪念地 (BLM), 拉斯克鲁塞斯
  • 岩画国家纪念地, 阿尔伯克基 Preserves a collection of ancient petroglyphs carved on volcanic rock on a mesa overlooking Albuquerque.
  • 史前轨迹国家纪念地 (BLM), 拉斯克鲁塞斯
  • 格兰德河谷国家纪念地 (BLM), near 陶斯 A long and scenic stretch of gorge along the Rio Grande that's popular for hiking and whitewater rafting.
  • 萨利纳斯普韦布洛使命国家纪念地, 马尔泰内尔 Preserves the ruins of several pueblo villages and striking Spanish Colonial missions.
约翰·戴伊化石床国家纪念地
  • 汉福德区域国家纪念地 (FWS), near 里奇兰 A free-flowing stretch of the Columbia River near a historic nuclear weapons facility created during the Manhattan Project.
  • 圣胡安群岛国家纪念地 (BLM), 圣胡安群岛 Rugged islands in the Puget Sound with historic lighthouses and habitats for orcas, eagles, and seals.
  • 圣海伦斯火山国家纪念地 (USFS) Site of a major volcanic eruption in 1980
  • 巴克岛礁国家纪念地, 克里斯蒂安斯特德 Preserves a small island and surrounding coral reef ecosystem.

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