费恩科隆尼
- 请勿与Drenthse Veenkoloniën（福利殖民地）混淆，后者是德伦特省的一个地区和世界遗产。
The (Groninger) Veenkoloniën (Dutch for peat colonies (of Groningen city)) or Peat District is a region in the southeast of the province of Groningen, the Netherlands. The region used to be uncultivated land, but starting in the 16th and 17th centuries the city of Groningen started to colonise more and more of the area for the extraction of peat, to be used as fuel. The earliest 'peat colonies' were near to the city, such as Hoogezand and Sappemeer in Midden-Groningen. Later, also the bogs further away from the city, to the southeast, were exploited. This is seen as the heart of the Veenkoloniën region, and includes the municipalities of Veendam, Pekela, and Stadskanaal. Talks are ongoing on a possible merger of these municipalities.
Stadskanaal有时也被认为是东边Westerwolde地区的一部分。
了解
[]
The Bourtanger Moor formed a bog in the provinces of Groningen and Drenthe, and the neighbouring German Western Plains region. This area was largely uninhabitable, until large-scale peat expoitation started in the 16th century. Throughout the centuries, numerous canals were dug, for drainage of the peat and transport to Groningen city. Along many of these canals, linear settlements were established. The landscape of the Veenkoloniën is therefore characterised by long, straight canals with linear settlements, and vast agricultural areas in between. The largest towns in the region by far are Veendam (population 27,500) and Stadskanaal (20,000). Especially in Stadskanaal the initial linear settlement along the canal is still clearly visible, and the town is also named after this canal (Stadskanaal means City's Canal, with 'city' referring to the city of Groningen).
在德伦特省省界对面，在Aa en Hunze和Borger-Odoorn这几个市镇，也可以找到由泥炭地及其开采形成的类似地貌。
旅游信息
[]- VVV Veenkoloniën (Tourist Information Veendam), Museumplein 5, Veendam (in the Veenkoloniaal Museum), ☏ +31 598 364 224. Tu-Th 11:00-17:00, F-M 13:00-17:00.
- Tourist Info Stadskanaal, Navolaan 15-11, Stadskanaal (at Stadskanaal bus station), ☏ +31 599 650 039. M 13:00-16:00, Tu-F 10:00-16:00.
抵达
[]乘汽车
[]The main road traversing the Veenkoloniën is the north-south N33 expressway. Towards the southwest, the N33 leads to Assen and the A28 motorway interchange (15 minutes). Towards the north, the N33 leads to the A7 motorway interchange at Zuidbroek (5 minutes). From the city of Groningen, take the A7 eastbound, and then the N33 southbound to the Veenkoloniën (20 minutes to Veendam, 30 minutes to Stadskanaal). Other roads into the region include the trunk roads N365 from Bourtange, N366 from Ter Apel and Southeast Drenthe, and N367 from Winschoten.
乘火车
[]Veenkoloniën地区有一个火车站，即 Veendam railway station.There is a twice-hourly train connection to and from Groningen city, operated by Arriva, with Veendam being the terminus of the line. From Groningen, the trip takes 30 minutes (€6.10). For trips from most other destinations in the Netherlands, a transfer in Groningen's main station is required. To travel to Veendam from destinations in the east of Groningen province (e.g. Winschoten), transfer in Zuidbroek.
乘巴士
[]除了通往Veendam的铁路，还有几条公交线路可以方便地前往Veenkoloniën，从格罗宁根市的主要火车站和公交车站，以及格罗宁根省和德伦特省的其他目的地。除了Veendam的火车站和公交车站，该地区的主要公交车站是 Stadskanaal bus station. All buses are operated by Qbuzz.
- 从格罗宁根出发：公交线路73（每1-2小时一班，经Hoogezand至Stadskanaal）和312（白天工作日每1-6小时一班至Stadskanaal）
- 从阿森经Aa en Hunze：公交线路24（每小时一班至Stadskanaal）和110（每小时一班至Veendam）
- 从Emmen出发：公交线路28（每小时一班至Musselkanaal和Stadskanaal）和73（每1-2小时一班至Stadskanaal）
- 从Winschoten ：公交线路13（白天周一至周六每小时一班至Veendam）、14（每1-2小时一班至Stadskanaal）、75（白天工作日每小时一班至Oude Pekela、Nieuwe Pekela和Stadskanaal）和110（每小时一班至Oude Pekela、Nieuwe Pekela和Veendam）
四处逛逛
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The fastest way to get around in the Veenkoloniën is by car. There is an extensive road network connecting the towns and villages. However, the best way to get around is arguably by bicycle. The main towns and villages are clearly signposted with dedicated signposts for cyclists, and in many cases separate cycle paths are available.
如上所述，公交线路对于在地区内旅行很有用，特别是28路可以从Stadskanaal到Musselkanaal，75路可以从Stadskanaal到Nieuwe Pekela和Oude Pekela，110路可以从Veendam到Nieuwe Pekela和Oude Pekela。此外，还有一个所谓的“小规模公共交通网络”，连接该地区几个村庄，提供小型巴士服务，还包括作为Veendam和Wildervank市郊巴士的510路小型巴士（周一至周六白天每小时一班）。奇怪的是，Veendam和Stadskanaal这两个最大的城镇之间没有直达公交车。相反，需要在Nieuwe Pekela换乘。
铁路仅用作遗产铁路，夏季每周运行几次，冬季每月运行几次（见下文“活动”部分）。有计划恢复Veendam到Stadskanaal的客运服务，该服务已于1953年停运，但最早也要到2019年才能投入运营。
看
[]博物馆和地标
[]
- Veenkoloniaal Museum (Museum of the Peat Colonies), Museumplein 5, Veendam, ☏ +31 598 364 220. Tu-Th 11:00-17:00, F-M 13:00-17:00. Museum on the history of the peat colonies and regional agriculture, and the maritime history of the region (in the 19th century seafarers from the region used to sail especially to the Baltic Sea). The museum is located in a national monument building that was built in 1910 as a school. Adults €7.50.
- Streekhistorisch Centrum (Regional History Centre), Ceresstraat 2, Stadskanaal, ☏ +31 599 612 649. Tu-F 13:00-17:00, Su 14:00-17:00. Museum on the history of the Veenkoloniën region and the Westerwolde region to the east. The museum is in the national monument villa 'Huize Ter Marse', built in 1884. Adults €3.
- Watertoren Stadskanaal (Water Tower), Ceresstraat 1, Stadskanaal (next to the Streekhistorisch Centrum). From May to October during Streekhistorisch Centrum museum opening hours. Water Tower built in 1935. The tower, 43 metres high with 208 steps, can be climbed for a great view of the surroundings. Entrance of the tower €2.50, combined ticket tower and museum €4.50.
- Kapiteinshuis Pekela (Captain's House), Ds. S. Tjadensstraat C95, Nieuwe Pekela, ☏ +31 597 612 372. Apr to Oct: Tu Th Su 13:30-16:30. Captain's house built in the 18th century. The museum shows items, books, and paintings related to the history of the village and the region, and the maritime history in particular. In the 19th century, the captains and seafarers used to be out on the sea for months, but most of them still had a so-called 'captain's house' to call home. Adults €3.
活动
[]户外活动和水上运动
[]- [dead link] Watersportcentre Veendam, Bergweg 2, Veendam, ☏ +31 598 433 733. In the Borgerswold recreation park, water sports activities including water skiing and wake boarding.
- Borgerswold Experience, Flora, Veendam, ☏ +31 6 4166 5450. In the Borgerswold recreation park, activities including paintball, archery, kayaking, and pedaloing.
- Borgerswoldhoeve, Flora 2, Veendam, ☏ +31 598 625 190. In recreation park Borgerswold. A wide range of activities including water sports, miniature golf, games, and a buffet restaurant.
- Golfclub De Compagnie, Golflaan 1, Veendam, ☏ +31 598 625 272. Daily 09:00-21:00 daily. 18 holes golf course. €42.50 for 18 holes.
遗产铁路
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Veendam和Musselkanaal之间的铁路（建于20世纪初）自1953年停止定期客运服务以来一直未使用。然而，自1995年以来，一条遗产铁路线路一直由历史悠久的蒸汽和柴油火车运营。这条线路长26公里，是荷兰最长的遗产铁路。行程中可以很好地欣赏Veenkoloniën的地貌。
- Museumspoorlijn S·T·A·R (STAR Museum Railway), Stationsstraat 3, Stadskanaal, ☏ +31 599 651 890. In summer several times per week, in winter several times per month. In the old train depot, there is an exhibition, which is free to enter upon purchasing a ticket for the heritage railway.
- 除了遗产铁路在Stadskanaal的主站外，您还可以在Veendam的火车站（该站用于定期客运列车服务）旁边的Veendam S·T·A·R车站购买车票并登车。其他三个车站没有售票处，但您可以上车并从列车员那里购票。 Veendam S·T·A·R station, which is directly next to Veendam's railway station that is in use for the scheduled passenger train services. The other three stations do not have a ticket counter, but you can board the train and buy a ticket from the train crew Bareveld S·T·A·R station, Wildervank S·T·A·R station and Musselkanaal S·T·A·R station.
- 在大多数运营日，会运行Stadskanaal经Bareveld和Wildervank至Veendam的线路，有时也会运行Stadskanaal至Musselkanaal的反向线路。夏季，火车通常在周三和周日每天有至少三个往返Stadskanaal-Veendam的班次。冬季时刻表更加有限，例如在圣诞节假期期间会有特别的行程。完整的时刻表可在S·T·A·R网站上查询。成人票价从Stadskanaal到Veendam的单程7欧元，到10欧元（往返），以及15欧元的日票（所有方向无限次乘坐）。
通用航空
[]- Stadskanaal Airfield (EHST), Aviaweg, Vledderveen, ☏ +31 599 454 344. Ultralight aviation airfield with a grass runway.
购物
[]餐饮
[]- Pekelahof, Raadhuislaan 109, Oude Pekela (along the N367 trunk road Veendam-Winschoten), ☏ +31 597 618 444. Tu-Su 11:00-21:00. Wide selection of meat, fish, and vegetarian dishes. Main courses about €15-20.
- Adriatic (Adriatic International Veendam), Molenstreek 3, Veendam, ☏ +31 598 627 199. M W-Su from 17:00. Near Veendam railway station and along a canal. Mediterranean food, mainly from the Balkans. Various price levels, e.g. main courses from €10 to €50.
- Pizzeria Ristorante Vittoria, Europaplein 1, Stadskanaal, ☏ +31 599 657 148. Tu-Su 16:00-22:00. Italian restaurant with pastas, pizzas, and a wide range of Italian meat and fish dishes. Pizzas €6-16, Meat/fish main courses about €20.
饮品
[]- FOX Nightlife (FOX Stadskanaal), Hoofdstraat 94, Stadskanaal, ☏ +31 599 622 288. F Sa 22:00-05:00. Night club, several times chosen as 'discotheque of the year' of the Netherlands.
- [死链接] Club Jinx (Uitgaanscentrum Jinx), Prins Hendrikplein 5C, Veendam, ☏ +31 598 433 905. 周六 22:30-04:00. 夜总会。
住宿
[]酒店
[]- Hotel Parkzicht, Museumplein 3, Veendam, ☏ +31 598 666 888. 位于Veendam市中心，毗邻Veenkoloniaal博物馆和旅游信息办公室。 双人间每晚起价93.50欧元.
- Best Western Hotel Stadskanaal, Raadhuisplein 30, Stadskanaal, ☏ +31 599 650 699. 位于Stadskanaal市中心。 双人间每晚起价79欧元.
连接
[]下一站
[]- 格罗宁根 — 荷兰北部省份的首府，也是经济和文化中心。
- Oldambt — 省份东部地区，以其黄色的油菜花田、‘风车之城’温斯霍滕和温泉镇 Bad Nieuweschans 而闻名。
- Bourtange — 星形堡垒村，位于 Veenkoloniën 以东
| 途经 Veenkoloniën 的路线 |
| 阿森 ← Aa en Hunze ← | S  N |
→ Midden-Groningen → Appingedam |