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来自维客旅行

一张显示克丘亚语使用区域的地图。深蓝色表示官方语言,蓝色表示克丘亚语使用者众多,浅蓝色表示克丘亚语使用者数量较少。

克丘亚语KechuaRunasimi)是一种 南美原住民语言,主要在 安第斯山脉南美洲地区使用。它与地球上几乎所有其他语言都无关,因此对于外国人来说,其语法、发音和词汇都可能具有挑战性。

发音指南

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克丘亚语曾经并且仍然主要是一种口头语言,考虑到使用它的人数,书面材料相对较少。这是由于西班牙语在该地区占主导地位,以及许多克丘亚语使用者的社会经济状况。克丘亚语还因其方言的多样性而变得复杂,存在多种发音不同的方言。

元音

[]
a
像“a”在“cat”中的发音;(IPA æ)
i
像“i”在“bit”中的发音(IPA ɪ),或像“e”在“bed”中的发音(IPA ɛ)
u
像“oo”在“hook”中的发音(IPA ʊ),或像“ough”在“thought”中的发音(IPA ɔ)

辅音

[]
ch
像“ch”在“chat”中的发音;(IPA )
chh
像“ch”在“chat”中的发音,伴随一股气流;(IPA tʃʰ)
ch'
喷出的“ch”;(IPA tʃ')
h
像“h”在“hat”中的发音;(IPA h)
k
像“k”在“king”中的发音;(IPA k)
kh
像“k”在“king”中的发音,伴随一股气流;(IPA )
k'
喷出的“k”;(IPA k')
l
像“l”在“lamp”中的发音;(IPA l)
ll
英语中没有完全对应的发音,类似于“y”在“yes”中的发音,但有所区别;(IPA ʎ)
m
像“m”在“map”中的发音;(IPA m)
n
像“n”在“night”中的发音;(IPA n)
ñ
像“ny”在“canyon”中的发音;(IPA ɲ)
p
像“p”在“plan”中的发音;(IPA p)
ph
像“p”在“plan”中的发音,伴随一股气流;(IPA )
p'
喷出的“p”;(IPA p')
q
英语中没有;(IPA q)
qh
像“q”的发音,伴随一股气流;(IPA )
q'
喷出的“q”;(IPA q')
s
像“s”在“sat”中的发音;(IPA s)
sh
像“sh”在“share”中的发音;(IPA ʃ)
t
像“t”在“tear”中的发音(IPA t)
th
像“t”在“tear”中的发音,伴随一股气流;(IPA )
t'
喷出的“t”;(IPA t')
y
像“y”在“yes”中的发音;(IPA j)
w
像“w”在“we”中的发音;(IPA w)

短语列表

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短语需要被翻译。如果您了解此语言,可以通过帮助大胆行动翻译短语


基础

[]

大多数是库斯科方言

常见标志


Kichasqa
Wisq'asqa
入口
Yaykuna
出口
Lluqsina
Tanqay
Chutay
厕所
Sanitariu niska wasikuna
Qharikuna
Warmikuna
禁止
Amachasqa
你好。
Rimaykullayki.:Napaykullayki.
你好。(非正式
. ( )
你好吗?
Allillanchu turay? (正式) Imaynallan kakusanki? Imaynallam kachkanki? (非正式) Imaynallataq kausakuchkanki? (正式)
我很好,谢谢。
Allillanmi kausani. (
你叫什么名字?
Imam sutiyki? (Cusco-Collao) Imataq sutiyki?
Ima sutitaq canqui?
我的名字是______。
Nuqaq sutiy ______ .:______ sutiymi.
______-qa sutiymi.
很高兴认识你。
Anchatam kusikuchkani riqsikuchpayki.
请。
Allichu.:Ama hina qaychu.
谢谢。
Sulpayki. (正式) Urpichay sunquy. (正式) Uchpanrachun.
Añay. (非正式):Yusulpayki. (非正式)
不客气。
Hinallatapas. Ama llakikuychu.
是的。
Arí
不。
Manam.
打扰一下。(引起注意
( ).
打扰一下。(请求原谅
Pampachariway.
对不起。
Pampachaykuway.
再见
Tupananchiskama. (字面意思“直到我们再次见面”) Rikunankunchiskama. (字面意思“直到我们再次见面”) Cayacaman. (字面意思“待会儿见”) Tinkunankunchiskama. (字面意思“稍后见,再见”)
我不会说克丘亚语[说得不好]。
Mana quichwatachu rimani. (厄瓜多尔克丘亚语发音:“MAH-na kee-chwah-TAH-choo par-LAH-nee”)
Manam [allinta] runasimitachu rimani.
你说英语吗?
Inlis-simita rimankichu?
这里有人会说英语吗?
Kaypichu huk inlis simi rimaq kan?
救命!
Yanapaway! Yanapaykuway!
小心!
Paqtataq! (大致相当于 Cuidado!)
早上好。
Allin p'unchay.
日安。
Allin p'unchaw.
下午好
allin jatun p'unchay
晚上好/晚安。
Allin ch'isi tuta.
晚安(睡觉时说
Allin tuta.
我明白。
Umachani.
我不明白
Mana umachanichu.
厕所在哪里?
Maypi hishp'ana wasi qan? Maypi akana wasi qan?

麻烦

[]
离开我。
Sapallay kayta munani! (字面意思“我想一个人待着”)
别碰我!
Ama jap'ihuaychu  ! ( !)
Call the police.
Wardiata waj'ay!
警察!
! ( !)
站住!小偷!
! sua ! ( ! !)
我需要你的帮助。
yanapaway nujata . ( .)
这是紧急情况。
. ( .)
我迷路了。
chincasca kachcani . ( .)
我丢了我的包。
. ( .)
我丢了我的钱包。
. ( .)
我病了。
. ( .)
我受伤了。
. ( .)
我需要医生。
. ( .)
我能用你的电话吗?
? ( ?)

数字

[]
1
shuc
huk
2
ichcai
iskay
3
quinsa
kinsa
4
chuscu
tawa
5
pichca
pisqa
6
sucta
suqta
7
canchis
qanchis
8
pusac
pusaq
9
iscun
hisqun
10
chunca
chunka
11
chunca shuc
chunka hukniyuq
12
chunca ishcai
chunka iskayniyuq
13
chunca quimsa
chunka kinsayuq
14
chunca chuscu
chunka tawayuq
15
chunca pichca
chunka pisqayuq
16
chunca sucta
chunka suqtayuq
17
chunca canchis
chunka qanchisniyuq
18
chunca pusac
chunka pusaqniyuq
19
ichcai iscun
chunka hisqunniyuq
20
ichcai chunca
iskay chunka
21
ichcai chunca shuc
iskay chunka hukniyuq
22
ichcai chunca ishcai
iskay chunka iskayniyuq
23
ichcai chunca quimsa
iscay chunka kinsayuq
30
quinsa chunca
kinsa chunka
40
chuscu chunca
tawa chunka
50
pichca chunca
pisqa chunka
60
sucta chunca
suqta chunka
70
canchis chunca
qanchis chunka
80
pusac chunca
pusaq chunka
90
iscun chunca
hisqun chunka
100
pachac
pacha (绿色)
200
ichcai pachac
iskay pacha
300
quinsa pachac
kinsa pacha
1,000
waranq'a.
2,000
ichcai waranq'a
iskay waranqa
1,000,000
hunu ( )
1,000,000,000
waranq'a hunu( )
1,000,000,000,000
hunu hunu ( )
number _____ (train, bus, etc.)
Yupana. ( )
half
chaupi ( )
less
pisiwan ( )
more
astawan.

enweta puku ijeri (E-nwe-taa poo-koo SEE-JAY-REE)

[]
现在
kunan, kunallan, kunitan ( )
稍后
caya
之前
ñaupaq ( )
早上
tutamanta
下午
ch'isinkuy ( )
晚上
ch'isi pacha ( )
夜晚
tuta

时钟时间

[]
one o'clock AM
huk uras/pacha
two o'clock AM
iskay uras/pacha
中午
chunka iskayniyuq uras/pacha
下午一点
huk uras/pacha
下午两点
iskay uras/pacha
午夜
chaupi tuta

时长

[]
_____ minute(s)
phasmi(kuna)
_____ hour(s)
uras
_____ day(s)
punchaw(kuna)
_____ week(s)
punchaw junt'a(kuna)
_____ month(s)
killa(kuna)
_____ year(s)
wata(kuna)

Áfọ̀ (AH-fore)

[]
对应西方
cai puncha (字面意思“今天”)
kunan
昨天
qayna p'unchaw
明天
paqarin
本周
kay simana
上周
qayna simana
下周
q'aya simana
[]
inti punchay
星期一
luna punchay
星期二
marti punchaw
星期三
mircuriu punchay
星期四
jupitir punchay
周六和银行假日
vinus punchay
星期六
saturnu punchay

月份

[]


一月
Qhaqmiy killa
二月
Jatunpuquy killa
三月
Pacha puquy killa
四月
Ariwaki killa
五月
Aymuray killa
六月
Inti raymi killa / Jawkaykuskiy killa
七月
Anta situwa killa / Chakrakunakuy killa
August
Qhapaq situwa killa / Chawawarki killa / Chakrayapuy killa
九月
Unu raymi killa / Tarpuy killa
十月
Quya raymi killa / Pawqar waray killa
十一月
Ayamarq'ay killa / Nuwimri
十二月
Qhapaq inti raymi killa

Writing time and date

[]

Colors

[]
黑色
yana
白色
yuraq
灰色
uj'i
红色
puka
蓝色
anqas
黄色
q'illu
绿色
q'umir
橙色
q'illu-puka
紫色
kulli
棕色
ch'umpi

Transportation

[]

Bus and train

[]
一张去 _____ 的票多少钱?
Hayqataq huk bulitu niska ...paq?
一张去 _____ 的票,请。
Ama hina qaychu, huk bulitu ...paq.
Where does this train/bus go?
Maytataq rin qay lata suythu mula?
Where is the train/bus to _____?
Mayqtaq lata suythu mula...paq?
Does this train/bus stop in _____?
Qay lata suythu mula sayanchu ...chay (sullqa) llaqtapi?
When does the train/bus for _____ leave?
Hayq'aqtaq lluqsinqa lata suythu mula...chay (sullqa) llatapaq?
When will this train/bus arrive in _____?
Hayq'api chayanqa qay lata suythu mula ...chay (sullqa) llaqtata?

请务必小心并与您的出租车司机明确沟通。他们有按照公里数收费的固定费率(没有计价器)。如果您与朋友分摊出租车费用,请清楚说明您将到达的目的地将收取多少“服务”(number of services)、多少人、多少个停靠点以及最终价格。如果您的朋友需要在您之前下车或在另一个地点下车,那么价格将与你们都前往同一地点不同。“服务”被定义为从起点到请求的停靠点。

[]
How do I get to _____
Imaynataq chayasaq ... 
...the train station?
...lata suyt'u mula wasita?
...the bus station?
...lata mula wasita?
...the airport?
...lata pajaru wasita?
...downtown?
...chaupin llaqtapaqta?
...the youth hostel?
...warma puñuna wasita?
...the _____ hotel?
...puñuna wasi?
...the American/Canadian/Australian/British consulate?
...yuyaychiquk misti Amerikanu/Canadianu/Australianu/Britanicu wasita?
Where are there a lot of...
Maypitaq kan achka... 
...hotels?
...puñuna wasiquna?
...restaurants?
...mikjuna wasi/wasiquna? (字面意思“食物屋(子)” - “mikjuna”=“食物” & “wasi”=“屋子”)
...bars?
...aq'a upyana wasi/wasiquna?
...sites to see?
...munay rikunaquna?
Can you show me on the map?
Rikuchiwanqimanchu cay mapa nisqapi?
街道
k'iqllu
Turn left.
Lluquiman kutiriy
Turn right.
pañaman kutiriy
lluqui
paña
straight ahead
Chiqan ñawpaqman
towards the _____
paypaq chay...
past the _____
pasasqa chay...
before the _____
ñawpaq chay...
Watch for the _____.
Qhaway chay ...
intersection
Chimpapuray
north
Chincha
south
Qulla
east
Anti
west
Kunti
uphill
Wichayman
downhill
Urayman

出租车

[]
出租车!
sullqa mula.
请带我到_____。
Ama jinallachu qay, pusawaychis ...ma.
到_____需要多少钱?
Jayqataq chanin chayanaypaq ...qama?
请带我到那里。
Ama jinallachu qay, apaway chayman.

住宿

[]
  • 在安第斯山脉,你不太可能找到由只会说克丘亚语/奇楚瓦语的员工经营的酒店。在这种情况下,说西班牙语很可能就足够了。
有空房吗?
Qanchu maypipas japinapaq puñuna wasi?
单人间/双人间多少钱一晚?
Jayqataq huq/ichcai runapaq?
房间配有...
Jamunchu 
...床单?
sawanayuq?
...浴室?
hispana wasiyuq?
...电话?
wajanayuq?
...电视?
qjawanayuq?
我可以先看房间吗?
Atiymanchu ñawpaq riquyta?
有更安静的吗?
Qanchu aswan ch'inlla?
...更大?
aswan jatun?
...更干净?
aswan pichasqa?
...更便宜?
aswan pisi chaniyuq?
好的,我要了。
Allin, qayta japisaq.
我将住_____晚。
Qaypi qasaq ...tuta(kuna)
您能推荐另一家酒店吗?
Huk puñuna wasi umachawanquimanchu?
有保险箱吗?
Qanchu huk jarkasqa?
...储物柜?
...armariukuna?
含早餐/晚餐吗?
Tutamanta/punchay miq'una chaypiyuqchu qachqa?
早餐/晚餐几点?
Tutamanta/punchay miq'unata jayqaqtaq aypunqaqu?
请打扫我的房间。
Ama jinallachu qay, jallchay nuqaq puñuna wasita?
您能在_____叫醒我吗?
Willayquwanqimanchu ...?
我想退房。
Riquyta jawata munanim.

货币

[]
接受美元/澳元/加元吗?
uyaqunquichu misti Americanu qullquikunata?
接受英镑吗?
uyaqunquichu Britanicu librakunata?
接受欧元吗?
uyaqunquichu Eurukunata?
接受信用卡吗?
uyaqunquichu tarjita qullquikunata?
Can you change money for me?
Atichipuay tikrachimuayta nuq'apaq qullquita?
Where can I get money changed?
Maypitaq atiyman tariyta qullqui tikrachipuaqta?
你能帮我兑换旅行支票吗?
Atinquichu tikrachipuyta huk bulitu t'asquinapak nuqapaq?
我在哪里可以兑换旅行支票?
Maypitaq atiyman tariyta huk bulitu t'asquinapak tikrachipuananpak?
汇率是多少?
May chay tikrachipuy chanin?
Where is an automatic teller machine (ATM)?
Maypi qan huk cajiru autumaticu niska?

用餐

[]
A table for one person/two people, please.
Ama jina qaychu, huk hanparata ukpaq/isqaypaq.
Can I look at the menu, please?
Ama jina qaychu, rikuchihuay imas qan mik'unapaq?
Can I look in the kitchen?
Atiymanchu rikuyta mik'una wasipi?
Is there a house specialty?
Qanchu aswan allin mik'una wasichayquimanta?
Is there a local specialty?
Qanchu Aswan allin mik'una suyuchayquimanta/llaqtachayquimanta?
I'm a vegetarian.
Mana aychatachu mik'unim.
I don't eat pork.
Mana k'uchi aychatachu mik'unim.
I don't eat beef.
Mana waka aychatachu mik'unim.
I only eat kosher food.
kushir mik'unallata mik'unim.
Can you make it "lite", please? (less oil/butter/lard)
Ama jina qaychu, wayq'upuay manam wirayuqta? (pisi unt'uwan/wirawan/unt'uchisqawan)
fixed-price meal
( )
单点
( )
早餐
Tutamanta mik'una
午餐
paraqin mik'uy / payquy
tea (meal)
( )
supper
Punchay mik'una
I want _____.
____-ta munanim.
I want a dish containing _____.
...yukta mik'unata munanim.
鸡肉
wallpa aycha, gallina
牛肉
waka aycha
challwa
火腿
k'uchi aycha, jamón
香肠
chicharrun
奶酪
kisu
鸡蛋
runtu
salad
( )
(新鲜)蔬菜
asnapa
(新鲜)水果
ruru / wayu.
面包
t'anta
吐司
( )
noodles
( )
rice
arrus
beans
hawas, arwijas
May I have a glass of _____? Aticunchu ____chata huk k'irupi?
May I have a cup of _____?
( )
May I have a bottle of _____?
( )
coffee
cafi
tea (drink)
matí
果汁
( )
(bubbly) water
( )
(still) water
yaku, unu (Cusco)
beer
yaku upiachina
red/white wine
( )
请给我一些_____?
Qapuwanmanchu ima/huk...?
kachi
黑胡椒
( )
黄油
wira
Excuse me, waiter? (getting attention of server)
Pampachaway, hampara aypuk.
我吃完了。
Tuquniña.
很好吃。
Aswan allin sumaqmi! (字面意思“精彩/太棒了/好极了/美丽!”)
Please clear the plates.
Ama jina qaychu, maqchiy chuayta.
The check, please.
Ama jina qaychu, hayq'a chanin.

Bars

[]
提供酒精饮料吗?
yaku upianachiq aypuna qanchu?
有桌边服务吗?
Qanchu hanpara aypuna?
请给我一杯/两杯啤酒。
Ama jina qaychu, huk/ichcai yaku upianachiq(kuna).
A glass of red/white wine, please.
( )
请给我一品脱。
( )
请给我一瓶。
( )
_____ (hard liquor) and _____ (mixer), please.
( )
威士忌
( )
伏特加
( )
朗姆酒
( )
unu, yaku
苏打水
( )
汤力水
( )
橙汁
( )
Coke (soda)
gaseosa
Do you have any bar snacks?
( )
请再来一杯。
Ama jina qaychu, huktawan.
请再来一轮。
Ama jina qaychu, huk muyuriqtawan.
几点关门?
Ima jayka pachata wiskanqi.
Cheers!
( )

购物

[]
有我尺码的吗?
Qanchu qay nuqajinapaq?
How much is this?
qay hayk'am?
太贵了。
Qaypis achqa.
您能接受_____吗?
...aparicuwanquimanchu?
贵的
Ashqa.
便宜的
Pisi.
我买不起。
Qayta mana uyaqunichu.
我不要了。
Qayta mana munanichu.
你骗我。
Qan yukachasiwanqui.
我没兴趣。
Mana.
好的,我要了。
Allin, qayta apakusaqmin.
能给我一个袋子吗?
Qanmanchu huk wayaqa?
你们发货(到海外)吗?
( )
我需要...
____-ta sinchita munani.
...牙膏。
kiru maqchina... ( )
...牙刷。
kiru k'ituna... ( )
...卫生巾。
. ( )
...肥皂。
uya maqchina... ( )
...洗发水。
chukcha maqchina... ( )
... pain reliever. (例如,阿司匹林或布洛芬)
upiana jampi... ( )
...感冒药。
cunca jampi... ( )
...胃药。
wiksa jampi... ( )
...剃须刀。
huk uya k'ituna... ( )
...an umbrella.
huk intimanta amachakuq... ( )
...防晒霜。
.
...明信片。
( )
...postage stamps.
( )
...电池。
( )
...信纸。
q'illqana... ( )
...一支笔。
huk q'illqa...
...英文书籍。
. ( )
...英文杂志。
... inlis q'ilqayoq q'ilcachcakuna... ( )
...an English-language newspaper. inlis musuq punchaw willaquqkuna...
( )
...an English-English dictionary. huk inlis q'illqa tiqrachiq...
( )

Driving

[]
I want to rent a car.
Huk lata mulata mañaquyta munanim.
Can I get insurance?
( )
stop (on a street sign)
sayay
one way
ukllapaq ñam.
yield
( )
禁止停车
Ama sayana.
speed limit
p'away amachaq.
gas (petrol) station
Lata mulapak mik'una wasin.
petrol
Lata mulapak mik'unan.
diesel
( )

执法

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我没做错任何事。
( )
是误会。
( )
你要带我去哪里?
( )
我被逮捕了吗?
( )
I am an American/Australian/British/Canadian citizen.
( )
I want to talk to the American/Australian/British/Canadian embassy/consulate.
( )
I want to talk to a lawyer.
( )
我现在可以付罚款吗?
( )

Learning more

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